Density is an important consideration when choosing an explosive. The phenomenon, discovered by lavrentiev at the end of the ww ii 122, is an efficient way to bond together two similar or dissimilar materials. The welding master pdf structural and mechanical properties of metallic. The main applications are in flat plate cladding or cladding of cylindrical geometries. This animation of an explosive weld was created for historys modern marvels actuality productions by flyingblue studio. Explosive welding an overview sciencedirect topics. Explosive hydroforming explosive hydroforming is a metal forming technique that uses the energy generated by an explosive detonation to form the metal work piece. Before a fire or explosion can occur, three conditions must be met simultaneously. Explosive welding process, joining of dissimilar materials. This process is most commonly utilized to clad carbon steel plate with a thin layer of corrosion resistant material e.
Subsonic shock waves are created by low explosives through the slower burning process known as deflagration. Flyer plate is a sacrificial plate placed between the cladder and the explosive to protect the cladder metal. Fusion welding determines the materials that can be used, materials which are often not the most suitable for the operating conditions. High velocity ms impact on composite liner and steel target duration. Explosion welding is a solidstate process that produces a high velocity interaction of dissimilar metals by a controlled detonation slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Introduction as a technological process, the explosive welding.
The largest commercial application of explosives is mining. The solution yimpact explosive welding produces a high velocity movement from a controlled axial detonation. Gas oxyfuelcutting gas welding combustion and explosion explosion movie. Explosive welding 2008 henry tan 2 3 explosive welding setup two plates are separated by a standoff gap. New explosive welding technique to weld springerlink.
Since explosive hydroforming transmits the explosivelygenerated energy through water, it can simulate a variety of other conventional metalforming techniques. The method is well established for wide variety of materials with flat and large surface area. This method can clad a wide range of metals to almost any base material. Lower and upper explosive limits for flammable gases and. The flyer top plate is covered by an explosive layer. In 70s, the explosive welding was intensively used in attempts to develop an economically effective fabrication route for metal matrix. A solidstate welding process that produces coalescence by high velocity interaction of the work pieces produced by a controlled detonation. Blending our technical expertise and welding technologies, we offer the widest collection of clad metal products anywhere in the world. Cladding metal or cladder is the thinner plate that is either in direct contact with the explosive, or is shielded by a flyer plate from the explosive. Recent developments in explosive welding request pdf. Explosive welding is an effective method of joining of various metals and alloys. Explosion welding can be used to join a wide variety of dissimilar or similar metals. During the collision, a high velocity jet is produced to remove away the impurities on the metal surfaces.
Upon detonation the explosive accelerates the top plate against the parent bottom plate. This ensures a leak proof method of jointing which is able to withstand the higher temperatures. Pdf study of the explosive welding process and applications. With few exceptions, denser explosives give higher detonation velocities and pressures. Energetics and detonics department of mechanical engineering, university of coimbra, rua luis reis santos, polo ii, 3030. Lead arc welding of a forged steel cupandcross tiedown assembly into an aluminum aircraft carrier deck plate. Explosive welding is a solid state metal joining process used to create a metallurgical bond between two similar or dissimilar metals 1. Explosion welding is a solidstate process that produces a high velocity interaction of dissimilar metals by a controlled detonation. Effect of explosive characteristics on the explosive. Osha requires employers to provide workplaces that are free of recognized hazards. Lower and upper explosive limits for flammable gases and vapors. Us3024526a us56084a us5608460a us3024526a us 3024526 a us3024526 a us 3024526a us 56084 a us56084 a us 56084a us 5608460 a us5608460 a us 5608460a us 3024526 a us3024526 a us 3024526a authority us united states prior art keywords metal explosive surfaces welded gas prior art date 19600831 legal status the legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. In the process of explosive welding, the impact of two plates is accompanied, as a rule. Explosive welding can be considered as a kind of hotpressing.
Safely performing hot work on hollow or enclosed structures. Explosive welding is a solid state impact welding process that employs large quantities usually a few centimeters thick of high explosive to accelerate a flyer plate against a target plate. This is a process in which the controlled energy of a detonating explosive is used to create a metallic bond between two similar or dissimilar materials. In simple terms an explosive weld is achieved by impelling the cladding plate against the substrate plate material using. What is explosive welding and in what applications is it. Explosion welding exw is one of the joining methods consisting of a solid state welding process in which controlled explosive detonation on the surface of a metal.
The flyer plate hits the base plate immediately determined by the effect power, and the fast. Explosive welding of metals in a vacuum environment smt holland. Explosion welding exw is a solid state solidphase process where welding is accomplished by accelerating one of the components at extremely high velocity through the use of chemical explosives. Pdf in this work, t2 red copper and high nitrogen austenitic stainless steel hnass were explosively welded for the first time. Touchy welding, additionally called hazardous cladding, is a high vitality process, in which strong surfaces of two metal segments of disparate or comparable materials are cladded by explosion vitality from angled high speed sway. Definition of explosion welding detonator explosive. The weldable region for various aluminum alloys is decided by the change in collision velocity and kinetic. Explosive welding is a specialised process used for lap joints in difficult to weld metals and their combinations. For free running explosives, the density is often specified as the pounds of explosives per foot of charge length in a given size borehole. Explosive welding differs from other traditional joining processes as it does not depend on melting of two metals to be joined, or on plastic deformation of the surfaces in contact as occurs with cold or hot pressure welding. The interfacial zone at the welded interface is composed of a fine eutectic structure of aluminum and fe 4 al, and the explosive welding process of this metal combination proceeds mainly by intensive deformation of the aluminum alloy.
A completely new method of welding which employs high explosives is briefly. Third, the explosive is detonated, driving the plates together. Welding can be defined as the process of joining two or more materials, often. A high welding explosive mass in placed circumferentially on a metal sleeve having a substantially cylindrical outer surface and is formed of a circumferential body having a greater thickness at the center of the mass than at its ends such that on initiation maximum explosive impact is exerted inwardly toward said sleeve to weld it to the abutting ends of two encircled pipes, the welding. High energy metals explosion bonding the explosion bonding process explosion welding, or bonding, is a solid state welding process that is used for the metallurgical joining of metals. The upper plate is placed carefully at an angle of approximately. The lower plate is laid on a firm surface, such as a heavier steel plate. In this process, the energy released during detonation of the high explosive is used to accelerate one metal plate into another, and as a result, the highvelocity. Explosion welding develops an extremely high pressure for a short time. Explosive any chemical compound, mixture, or device, the primary or common purpose of which is to function by explosion, i. Mechanical, civil, chemical, and other engineers present 50 papers on such topics as welding a supersonic solidstate detonation in an overdriven porous mixture of aluminum and teflon, high temperature elastic properties of refractory materials, energy dissipation in the explosive welding of dissimilar metals, a newly developed unsteady wave. Explosive welding takes place when two plates are impacted together under an explosive force at high velocity. The bond is formed due to the high velocity oblique impact.
At tnopml several of the explosive welding configurations that were. These are gas gun welding ggw, explosive welding exw, magnetic pulse welding mpw. The most common application of this technique is to directly weld high strength, stainless steel action parts onto aluminum structures. Aluminium and copper can be welded to stainless steel, aluminium to nickel alloys, and stainless steel to nickel. This metalworking technique uses controlled detonations to force dissimilar metals into a high quality, metallurgically bonded joint. We pride ourselves on solving demanding material design and processing challenges by joining dissimilar metals using explosion welding, roll bond and weld overlay for the worlds industrial infrastructure. Keith escoe, in pressure vessel and stacks field repair manual, 2008. Whether the mine is on the surface or is buried underground, the detonation or deflagration of either a high or low explosive in a confined space can be used to liberate a fairly specific subvolume of a brittle material in a much larger volume of the same or similar material. Aluminium can be welded to copper and stainless steel to brass.
Explosive welding or cladding is usually performed on relative thick plates by means of a large scale parallel plate setup. Faes2 1 ghent university, laboratory soete, belgium 2 abstract almost 50 years after magnetic pulse welding was invented, it is finally finding its way to the private sector, in particular the transportation and refrigeration industries. Hemi utilizes explosive bonding to create the highest quality bimetallic products for a wide variety of applications. It is conceivable that explosive welds first appeared sometime after the 1880s when high velocity gunnery was introduced and projectiles impinged on metal targets. Explosion welding exw is a solid state solidphase process where welding is accomplished by accelerating one of the components at extremely high velocity. Explosive welding of cylindrical surfaces is performed by launching of welded layer along longitudinal axis of construction. During the explosive welding process, a powerful shock drives the metal atoms into each others sphere of influence, forcing the valence electrons into. The most common explosive metalworking technique is explosive welding, also known as explosive bonding or explosive cladding. Basic characteristics of the explosive welding technique using. The main industrial sectors include the food and chemical process industries.
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